Method of producing composite bearings



Feb. 5 9 1924, 1,483,118

G. A. SHOEMAKER v METHOD OF PRODUCING COMPOSITE BEARINGS Filed Sept. 27. 1921 Em Mk [IV VENTOR 1 e14, kj/eoem aker Patented Feb. 5, 192

GEORGE A. SHOEMAKER, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO BOUND BROOK OIL-LESS BEARING COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

" METHOD OF PRODUCING COMPOSITE BEARINGS.

Application filed September 27, 1921. Serial No. 503,475.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE A. SHOE- MAKER, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania,

have invented certain new and useful improvements in Methods of Producin Oompos1te Bearings, of which the following is a full, clear and exact description, whereby to anyone skilled in the art may make and use the same.

While the invention is termed a method of producing composite bearings, it actually relates to the art of casting hollow cylindrical bodies wherein it is desired to secure radial protuberance on the inner wall of the cast shell. A bearing such as hereinafter described is used as a means of illustrating the process or method inasmuch as it forms a good example of the advantages attained.

' It has been a usual practice, in casting cylindrical or semicyhndrical bodies having rotuberances such as studs, fins or webs on t eir inner wall, to employ cores. These re cores, of necessity have been so formed that the could be withdrawn from the core box an as a result it has been quite impossible to secure radially dis osed studs, fins or webs.

It is the principa object of the present invention to provide cores which wlll produce, in the operation of casting, radially disposed studs, fins or webs which may be employed for any useful purpose and which are particularly well adapted for use in the casting of bearings.

A further object is to provide an arrange- -ment and method of production, by which the radial studs, fins or webs, may be held in true radial relation and at the same time have undercut formation; that is, the forlarger body of metal at the inner most surface than at the point of juncture with the mainbody of the casting.

Referring to the drawings Figure 1, illustrates in section, a mould for a split bearing.

core box with the liner in place.

mation of-the studs, fins or webs with a Figure 6, illustrates the core box inverted and partially removed.

Figure 7, illustrates the method of indentlngthe core radially through the orifices of the liner.

Figure 8, is a cross sectional View of the parts shown in Figure 7.

Figure 9, is a longitudinal section through the complete mould with the core in place.

Figure 10, is a cross sectional view of the mould in Figure 9.

Figure 11, is a longitudinal View of a casting formed in said mould.

Figure 12, is a cross sectional view through the bearing illustrating a filling about the studs, fins or webs.

It has been a common practice in casting bearings to provide cores with protuberances of various forms which, when employed in casting the bearing shell, produce sockets or pockets or grooves of various forms, which serve as retainers for a lubrieating metal or a lubricating compound.

Considerable difiiculty has attended the formation of these cores, with anything approaching true radial formation of the pockets. The reason for this, is obvious, as it is quite impossible to fashion a core box, which can give radial walls to the pockets. Relief has had to be provided for separating the core from its pockets, even where, multipart core boxeshave been em loyed.

As a result, accurate disposition of metal be withdrawn from the core and for a device such as a bearing could not be secured. As hereinafter explained, the

present invention overcomes these diiiiculties and provides for the casting of cylindrical or semi-cylindrical shells with any desired or required disposition of metal for the bearing surface.

It is to be understood, that the invention is not confined necessarily to bearings, as it may be employed in casting any structure where the radlal projections are. desirable.

In the accompanying drawings, numeral 1, denotes half of the mould box with a pattern imprint 52, formed in the sand 3.

In or er to provide a proper core for easting protuberances such as studs, fins or webs, a core box 4, is employed and within the core box is located a liner 5, which has openings therethrough, corresponding to the design of stud or other protuberance responding which it is desired to form on the inner surface of the final casting.

As illustrated in the drawings, this liner 5, is represented as having stud openings 6, which are arranged in staggered relation and extending in lon' itudinal lines, with reference to the axis the liner.

This liner 5, with its pattern of openings is placed in the core box 4, and the core is then rammed up in the usual manner. Of course, the material of the core is forced into the openings 6. When finally rammed, the core box is inverted. The core box 4, is removed and a suitable implement such as illustrated at 6*, having projections 7, corin arrangement to the openings 6, of the liner 5, is forced through the openings of the liner and into the core. This produces a series of pockets or depressions in the core.

By utilizing the liner 5, it is apparent that a very simple and effective arrangement is provided for giving any desired pattern and arrangement of studs or fins on the interior diameter of the casting.

The same core boxes and liners with different patterns may be made so that they will provide a means for producin'g different types of patterns or studs or fins on finished castings utilizin cores made in the same core boxes but wit different forms of liners,

The implement, as illustrated, is shown in the form of a comb and has shoulders 8, which engage the outer surface of the liner and limitthe depth, to which the studs 7, are forced into the core. Anydesired type of implement for effecting this result may be employed, for instance, each openin'g of the liner might be individually punched out, in place of using a comb, simultaneously punching out an entire longitudinal line of openings.

After the comb or other implement has been applied to form the pockets or indentations in the core, the liner 5, is removed and the core is then treated in the usual manner and applied to the mould imprint.

The casting operation is, of course, such as may be preferred under any given practice and when the metal has flown to the mould and core, the resultant product is such as illustrated in the drawings in Figures 11 and 12, wherein a half bearing is shown with radially disposed studs.

If it is desired to give an undercut formation to the studs, the comb 6 or other suitable implement may be'moved laterally after insertion through the openings of the liner 5, and this will press back the core material so that studs or protuberances will be formed, having a wider face at the in= nermost diameter than at the point of juncture with the main body of the casting.

In Figure 11, this arrangement of radial may be employed ramming said core mama studs is clearly indicated and the purpose of forming studs for bearings is illustrated in Figure 12. In said figure, the studs are shown as surrounded with a bearing "material 9, which may be of any desired composition suitable for producing lubrication or may be a bearing metal suitably cast into the shell.

What I claimas my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A core for casting hollow cylindrical or 'semicylindrical bodies havingradial openings therein to provide radial studs or protuberances on the inner face of the casting, said radial openings of the core being formed by displacing the material of the core through openings in a liner arranged within the core box while filling and ramming the core.

2. The method of'casting radial protuberances on the inner walls of a cylindrical body which consists in inserting a perforated pattern liner in the core box, filling and ramming said core box with the core material, removin the core box and depressing the core throug the openings of the attern of the liner, removing said liner an utilizing the core in the pattern. print of the mould to cast a hollow-cylindrical body having protuberances on its inner wall. x

3. The method or process of producing protuberances on the inner walls of a cylin drical or semi-cylindrical body which con-v sists in placing a perforated pattern liner within a core box ramming said corebox with a core material, removlng the core box and inserting an implement through the pattern openings of the liner and moving said implement, after insertion, to provide openings in the core havin a greater area adjacent "to the axis of the core than at the surface thereof, removing the implement and liner and casting about the core to provide rotuberances on the inner wall of the cylin rical or semi-cylindrical body.

4. The method of producing protuberances upon the inner walls of cast bodies of cylindrical or semi-cylindrical form which consists in inserting a liner, having a definite perforated pattern, within the core box, box with its inserted liner, inverting the core box and removing the same to give access to the outer surface of the liner, inserting an implement through;

the pattern openings of the liner and removing the implement and linerto provide a core having openings radially disposed to the axis of the core and casting the metal about the core to provide protuberances about the inner wall thereof.

GEO. A. SHOEMAKER. Witnesses:

GEO. O. SMALLEY,

. 10m 0. Jomvsox. 

